SheepDog4Life
Natural Gray Man
That word means exactly what I want it to mean (insert snarky smiley face like I think I know something). Sorry that's not how power and sample size works, nobody but you would call this underpowered. In a real world pragmatic study like this getting 93% to roughly follow the protocol is better than I would expect. The incidence of infection in the non-mask group was already so low that even if the non-adherers in the mask group affected their incidence rate it likely wouldn't have mattered. In fact when they took out the somewhat adhered group and just tested the absolute adherers their infection rates got worse. Their results clearly show that for this population mask vs. no mask didn't matter. You keep getting stuck on this 46% vs. 23% that they indicate as inconclusive but what they are arguing is they couldn't decide if wearing the mask helped or hurt within that group, because the effect was non-significant lol. They weren't arguing that the overall result of the study was inconclusive. That part was only put in there to appease and support the mask wearing narrative at time of publication. Go back and read the first paragraph of the discussion and you'll see it in context. Sorry but this article just doesn't support your narrative.
I think you're getting hung up on the nominal result, like it's the gospel... it's not. When they look at only the adherer's the nominal difference gets smaller between mask/non-mask but the confidence interval explodes even further open... indicating insufficient sample size:
Three post hoc (not preplanned) analyses were done. In the first, which included only participants reporting wearing face masks “exactly as instructed,” infection (the primary outcome) occurred in 22 participants (2.0%) in the face mask group and 53 (2.1%) in the control group (between-group difference, −0.2 percentage point [CI, −1.3 to 0.9 percentage point]; P = 0.82) (OR, 0.93 [CI, 0.56 to 1.54]; P = 0.78).
The 50% reduction they were testing for is within the CI, so it cannot be ruled out... likewise a 0% reduction is within the CI so it cannot be ruled out either.
That's inconclusive either way because the size of the study was not large enough. Masking could have reduced infections by half (or more)... or it could have had no reduction (or even actually increased infections). We cannot tell from this study.